Virus Gripe Pri Konjih

2024 Avtor: Daisy Haig | [email protected]. Nazadnje spremenjeno: 2023-12-17 03:13

Konjska gripa

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Konjska gripa, ki jo včasih imenujejo tudi konjska gripa, je ena najbolj razširjenih nalezljivih virusnih konjskih bolezni na svetu. V ZDA ga najpogosteje opazimo pri mladih konjih, starih približno 2 do 3 leta, in ga pogosto srečamo na dirkališčih. Virus gripe, usmerjen v dihalni sistem konja, v precej kratkem času poškoduje sluznice in sluznice v dihalnih poteh živali, pri čemer je inkubacijsko obdobje le en do tri dni po okužbi.

Simptomi

Konj s konjsko gripo ima nenormalno visoko telesno temperaturo in izcedek iz nosu, ki je običajno svetle barve. Tudi pljučnica je pogosta sekundarna okužba konj s to boleznijo, saj je njihov imunski sistem ogrožen. Ta sekundarna okužba je pri žrebetih lahko smrtonosna. V hudih primerih konjske gripe lahko konj razvije zaplete srca in jeter. Drugi klinični znaki vključujejo:

• Suh globok kašelj
• Anoreksija
• Depresija
• Občasno bolečine v mišicah, brez zadrževanja
• Občasno povečane bezgavke

Vzroki

Obstaja več sevov ali podtipov virusa konjske gripe, toda eden najpogostejših virusov gripe, ki prizadene konje, je gripa tipa A. Vsi virusi gripe se prenašajo po zraku od konja do konja, čeprav so nekateri konji le prenašalci virusa, nikoli ne kažejo nobenih simptomov in so videti zdravi. Ti konji pa so še vedno nalezljivi. Virus destruktivno deluje na celice, ki obdajajo zgornja dihala, ko se razmnožuje znotraj teh celic.

Diagnoza

Simptomi konjske gripe so običajno dovolj za postavitev vsaj domnevne diagnoze, čeprav so znaki gripe podobni tudi drugim virusnim okužbam dihal. To ni pomembno, saj se bodo vse virusne bolezni dihal zdravile enako.

Zdravljenje

Za uničenje samega virusa ni zdravila, zato se upravljanje tega virusa vrti okoli podporne oskrbe. Počitek je izrednega pomena; priporoča se vsaj šest tednov, da se poškodovana tkiva od bolezni popolnoma zacelijo. Pomembno je tudi, da so konji, okuženi z gripo, hlevi v čistih in dobro prezračevanih prostorih. Obstaja nekaj dokazov, da prah, ki ga najdemo v hlevih, lahko vpliva na konje, ki trpijo ali prebolevajo konjsko gripo.

Če je konj zaradi gripe zbolel za sekundarno okužbo, bo veterinar predpisal antibiotike in druge oblike zdravil, da bo sluznica v dihalnih poteh živali manj lepljiva, jo bo utekočinil in omogočil, da jo bo mogoče zlahka pregnati.

Življenje in upravljanje

Življenje po gripi bi se moralo konju normalizirati, razen v skrajnih primerih. V nasprotnem primeru poskrbite za dobro zračen prostor in veliko počitka, da si bo lahko hitro opomogel.

Preprečevanje

Edina stvar, ki je konjski gripi preprečila, da bi postala popolna epidemija, je bilo cepivo proti konjski gripi. Konje, pri katerih obstaja veliko tveganje za okužbo s tem virusom, na primer dirkalne ali razstavne konje, je treba cepiti večkrat na leto.