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Konjska Nalezljiva Anemija
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Konjska nalezljiva anemija (EIA), ki jo včasih imenujejo konjska malarija ali močvirska mrzlica, je virus, ki povzroči uničenje rdečih krvnih celic konja, povzroča anemijo, šibkost in smrt. EIA je v nekaterih delih sveta postala endemična, v ZDA pa zelo redka. Pravzaprav je EIA bolezen, o kateri se poroča, v ZDA, kar pomeni, da mora veterinar, če je diagnosticiran pri konju v tej državi, obvestiti USDA.

Za konjsko nalezljivo anemijo ni zdravila. Razširi ga konjska muha. Konje je treba testirati na to bolezen za vstop na razstave in za prevoz čez državne meje. To je preprost rutinski krvni test, imenovan Cogginsov test.

Simptomi

EIA se lahko pojavi kot akutna ali kronična oblika. Akutna oblika je običajno usodna. Če konj preživi, bo postal kronični nosilec bolezni. Po okužbi virus ostane v konjskem telesu do konca življenja. Kronični prevozi se imenujejo "močvirji".

  • Anemija
  • Letargija
  • Izguba teže
  • Vročina
  • Povečana vranica
  • Otekli trebuh in noge (edem)
  • Depresija
  • Zmanjšana atletska uspešnost
  • Smrt (v akutnih primerih)

Vzrok

EIA je posledica retro virusa, prenašajo pa ga konjske muhe. Vendar pa se okužba lahko širi tudi s krvjo onesnaženimi predmeti, kot so nesterilizirane igle, brizge itd.

Diagnoza

Vaš veterinar bo na sumi živali običajno opravil Cogginsov test, ki je laboratorijsko opravljen krvni test za diagnosticiranje preiskave vplivov na okolje pri konjih.

Zdravljenje

Trenutno v ZDA ni na voljo zdravljenja ali cepiva za EIA, čeprav se lahko večina konj, ki preživijo akutno obliko te bolezni, epizodično pojavijo. Zanimivo je, da so bile opravljene celo raziskave, ki se nanašajo na virus HIV in EIA, saj sta oba retrovirusa.

Življenje in upravljanje

Če ima konj v ZDA diagnozo EIA, ima USDA tri možnosti. Ker gre za bolezen, o kateri se poroča, in zdravila ni, je prva in najpogostejša možnost evtanazija. Drugič, okuženega konja lahko podarimo raziskovalni ustanovi. Tretjič, lastniki lahko zgradijo popolnoma zaprt hlev, prekrit z žično mrežo, ki ne dopušča vstopa konjskim muham in konju je prepovedan kakršen koli stik z drugimi konji. Zaradi stroškov in omejitev tretje možnosti in omejenega števila laboratorijev, ki bodo sprejeli EIA pozitivne konje, večina primerov povzroči evtanazijo.

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